Ibikumwe hamwe na grape byemerera umucukuzi gutora, gushyira no gutondekanya ibikoresho byo gusenya byoroshye.Ariko guhitamo igikoresho gikwiye kumurimo wawe biragoye nubwinshi bwamahitamo.Hariho ubwoko bwinshi butandukanye hamwe nigishushanyo cyibikumwe na grapples, buri kimwe gitanga inyungu zidasanzwe nimbibi.

Hitamo neza kandi uzagororerwa no kongera umusaruro.Hitamo imigereka itari yo kandi umusaruro uzababara kandi / cyangwa umugereka igihe kandi ubuzima muri rusange buzagabanuka.

Indobo Ibitekerezo

Indobo / igikumwe guhuza irashobora gukora imirimo myinshi, kandi niba ukeneye gucukura imashini yawe, itanga igisubizo cyiza.Kimwe n'urutoki ku kuboko kwawe, igikumwe cy'indobo ya excavator irashobora gufata ibintu bidasanzwe, hanyuma ikazenguruka inzira yo gucukura no gupakira bisanzwe.

Nyamara, ntabwo arikimwe-gihuye-igisubizo cyose.Hano haribintu byinshi byintoki kumasoko uyumunsi, Ibikumwe byinshi byashizweho kugirango bikore hafi yikintu icyo aricyo cyose, ariko ubwoko bumwe bushobora gutanga umusaruro.

Kurugero, niba imyanda ari ntoya muri kamere, noneho igikumwe gifite tine enye zegeranye zegeranye hamwe byaba byiza kuruta tine ebyiri zitandukanijwe kure, imyanda nini itanga tine nkeya hamwe nintera nini, ibyo bikaba biha uyikoresha neza.Igikumwe nacyo kizaba cyoroshye, giha imashini umutwaro munini.

Haraboneka kandi verisiyo ya hydraulic na mashini hamwe namenyo atandukanye ahuza amenyo yindobo.Urutoki rwa mashini rusanzwe rushyizwe hamwe na brake yoroshye yo gusudira idafite pine idasanzwe cyangwa hydraulics isabwa.Zitanga igisubizo gito-cyo gukoresha rimwe na rimwe, mugihe igikumwe cya hydraulic gitanga imbaraga, nziza ku mutwaro.

Kugira inyongeramusaruro yongewe hamwe nibisobanuro bya hydraulic igikumwe bizagaragaza neza mugihe mugihe wemereye uyikoresha gufata ibintu byoroshye.

Hariho ubucuruzi hagati yikiguzi numusaruro, nyamara.Igikumwe cya Hydraulic gihenze cyane ariko kizarenza urugero rwimashini, kugura byinshi bifitanye isano numurimo wakozwe hamwe nintoki.Niba uyikoresha burimunsi, ndasaba kujya hydraulic.Niba ari rimwe na rimwe ikoreshwa, imashini irashobora kumvikana cyane.

Urutoki rwa mashini rushyizwe mumwanya umwe kandi indobo igomba gutumbagira hejuru, ibikumwe byinshi byubukanishi bifite imyanya itatu yahinduwe nintoki.Igikumwe cya hydraulic gifite intera nini yimikorere kandi ituma uyikoresha ayigenzura kuva muri cab.

Bamwe mu bakora inganda batanga kandi intambwe igenda itera igikumwe cya hydraulic, gitanga intera nini, akenshi kugeza kuri 180 °.Ibi bituma igikumwe gifata murwego rwose rwindobo.Urashobora gutoranya ugashyira ibintu hafi yumutwe winkoni.Itanga kandi kugenzura imitwaro binyuze mubice byinshi byindobo.Ibinyuranyo, nta-guhuza hydraulic igikumwe kiroroshye kandi cyoroheje hamwe nurwego rwimikorere kuva kuri 120 ° kugeza 130 °.

Imyitozo yo guteramo igikumwe nayo igira ingaruka kumikorere.Ibikumwe-byuburyo rusange, cyangwa igikumwe cya padiri, bifite pin nyamukuru.Igikuta gisudira ku nkoni.Igikoresho cya pin-on gikoresha indobo.Birasaba agace gato ko gusudira ku nkoni.Hydraulic pin-on igikumwe irashobora gukomeza umubano wayo no kuzunguruka kwindobo kandi ikozwe muburyo bwo guhuza indobo ya radiyo n'ubugari.

Ibikumwe bifatanye nindobo yindobo bituma urutoki ruzunguruka mu ndege imwe nindobo, Ibitereko byiziritse ku isahani yometse ku nkoni bikunda kugabanya uburebure bwabyo ugereranije nindobo ya radiyo iyo isohotse.Ibikumwe byashyizwe kumutwe mubisanzwe bihenze cyane.Igikumwe cyo gusudira ni rusange muri kamere kandi cyashizweho kugirango gikore mubyiciro byabo byubucukuzi.

Nye yerekana ko hari ibyiza byinshi kuri pin-yashizwemo nigikumwe-gikumwe.Hamwe na pin-yashizwemo igikumwe, inama zirahuza amenyo utitaye kumwanya windobo (gutondeka kwuzuye kumena igice).Agira ati: “Iyo indobo ikuweho, niko igikumwe nacyo, bivuze ko kidasohoka munsi y'ukuboko aho gishobora kwangirika cyangwa kuba mu nzira.”Nta pivot bracket iri ku nkoni kugirango ibangamire izindi mugereka.

Igikumwe cyashizweho na pin nacyo gikora neza hamwe nabafata pin hamwe na coupers byihuse.Nye agira ati: “Igikumwe kigumana n'imashini idashingiye ku ndobo.Ariko nta guhuzagurika byihuse, pin nintoki nyamukuru bigomba gukurwaho nindobo, bivuze akazi kiyongereye.

Hariho kandi inyungu nyinshi zo guterana igikumwe.Urutoki rugumana na mashini kandi ntiruhindurwa nimpinduka zumugereka.Biroroshye gukuraho mugihe bidakenewe (usibye baseplate na pivots).Ariko inama zizahuza gusa amenyo yindobo kumwanya umwe, uburebure bwikiganza rero ni ngombwa.“Iyo ukoresheje pin ifata, igikumwe kigomba kuba kirekire cyane, ibyo bikaba byongera imbaraga zo kugoreka ku murongo.”

Mugihe uhitamo igikumwe, nibyingenzi guhuza indobo ya radiyo hamwe nintera yinyo.Ubugari nabwo ni ugusuzuma.

Igikumwe kinini ni cyiza mugutoragura ibikoresho byinshi nkimyanda ya komini, guswera, nibindi, Nyamara, igikumwe kinini gitanga imbaraga nyinshi zo kugoreka kumurongo, kandi amenyo menshi angana imbaraga nke zo gufatira iryinyo.

Urutoki runini ruzatanga ibintu byinshi byo kugumana, cyane cyane niba indobo nayo ari nini, Ubundi, ingano yimyanda irashobora kuba ikintu hamwe na protocole yo gupakira.Niba indobo itwaye cyane cyane umutwaro, igikumwe kirimo gukoreshwa muburyo bwo gushyigikira.Niba imashini ikoresha indobo muburyo butabogamye cyangwa buzengurutse, igikumwe ubu gitwaye imitwaro myinshi kuburyo ubugari buhinduka byinshi.

Gusenya / Gutondeka ibishushanyo

Umugereka wa grapple mubisanzwe uzatanga umusaruro mubikorwa byinshi (gusenya, gutunganya urutare, gutunganya ibisigazwa, gukuraho ubutaka, nibindi) kuruta igikumwe nindobo.Kubisenya no gufata ibintu bikomeye, ninzira nzira.

Umusaruro uzaba mwiza cyane hamwe na grapple mubisabwa aho ukoresha ibintu bimwe inshuro nyinshi kandi udakeneye gucukura imashini.Ifite ubushobozi bwo gufata ibintu byinshi muri pass kuruta hamwe nindobo / igikumwe.

Grapples nayo ikunda gukora neza kubintu bidasanzwe.Ibintu bimwe grapples irashobora guterura byoroshye birakomeye kugirango bihuze hagati yindobo na igikumwe combo.

Ibikoresho byoroheje cyane ni grapple ya rwiyemezamirimo, igaragaramo urwasaya ruhagaze hamwe n'urwasaya rwo hejuru rukora kuri silinderi y'indobo.Ubu bwoko bwa grapple bukunda kugura make kandi haribikorwa bike.

Gusenya no gutondagura grapples birashobora kuzamura cyane umusaruro wibikorwa byibanze cyangwa bya kabiri byo gusenya.Bashoboye kwimura umubare munini wibikoresho mugihe cyo gutondekanya ibintu bisubirwamo.

Mubihe byinshi, gufata ibyemezo byo gusenya byaba ari amahitamo meza, grapples grapples itanga ibintu byinshi bihindura mugukoresha ubushobozi bwo gutora imyanda gusa, ariko no kuyikora.Grapples zoroshye zirahari ariko ntabwo zisabwa gusenywa.Bisa n'ibikumwe, niba gusenya bikorwa nubundi buryo, noneho inshingano yoroshye, grapple yagutse irashobora guhuza neza nibyo ukeneye.

Gutondeka no gupakira birashobora gutezimbere ukoresheje ubwoko butandukanye bwa grapples kuri buri porogaramu.Gutondeka bisaba ibitekerezo byabakiriya kugirango bamenye ibigomba gutorwa mugihe ureka imyanda ikagwa, Ubu bwoko bwa grapple butuma uyikoresha ashobora gukuramo ibikoresho kimwe no gutora no gupakira.

Ukurikije ibikoresho kandi niba grapple ikoreshwa cyangwa idakoreshwa muri kimwe mu gusenya birashoboka ko izategeka ibikoreshwa mu gupakira, Abashoramari benshi bagiye gukoresha ibiri kuri mashini kugirango bakore byose.Urebye amahirwe, byaba byiza ugize bombi kumurimo.Igikorwa cyo gusenya gishobora gukora imirimo iremereye hanyuma ukareka grapple yoroheje / yagutse ikaza kwita kubintu bito.

Kuramba ni ngombwa mugihe ukemura imyanda yo gusenya.“Ibyiciro byinshi byo gutondeka bifite silinderi y'imbere hamwe na moteri izunguruka bisaba imiyoboro ibiri y'amazi ya hydraulic.Ntabwo zikomeye kandi ziramba nk'ibikoresho byo gusenya imashini ”, Nye.Yagize ati: “Imizigo myinshi ikorwa hifashishijwe imashini zikoreshwa aho umukoresha ashobora kumenagura ibikoresho kugirango abangikanye nta kwangiza grapple.

Imashini yo gusenya imashini iroroshye kandi hafi nta bice byimuka.Amafaranga yo gufata neza abikwa byibuze kandi ibice byo kwambara bigarukira gusa ku gukuramo ibikoresho byo gupakurura / gupakurura.Umukoresha mwiza arashobora kuzunguruka, guhindagura, gukoresha no gutondekanya ibikoresho byihuse kandi neza hamwe na mashini ya mashini idakeneye amafaranga yo kubabara no kubabara umutwe wikizunguruka.

Niba porogaramu isaba ibintu neza, ariko, kuzenguruka bishobora kuba amahitamo meza.Itanga kugeza kuri 360 ° kuzunguruka, ituma uyikoresha afata impande zose atimuye imashini.

Mugihe gikwiye cyakazi, grapple izunguruka irashobora kurenza grapple ihamye.Ikibi ni uko hamwe na hydraulics na rotator, igiciro kizamuka.Gupima igiciro cyambere ninyungu ziteganijwe, kandi urebe neza niba ugenzura igishushanyo mbonera kugirango umenye neza ko kirinzwe neza.

Umwanya wa tine ni ikintu cyingenzi kugirango ibintu bitondekane.Byiza, ibikoresho bidakenewe bigomba kunyura muburyo bworoshye.Ibi birema ibihe byihuse, bitanga umusaruro.

Hano haribintu byinshi bitandukanye bya tine iboneka.Mubisanzwe, niba umukiriya akorana n imyanda mito, umubare munini wa tine ninzira nzira.Gusenya ibyangiritse mubisanzwe bifite ibice bibiri-hejuru-bitatu bya tine yo gutoranya ibintu binini.Gukata amashanyarazi cyangwa imyanda mubisanzwe ni bitatu-hejuru-bine byashushanyije.Kurenza aho uhurira grapple ikoreshwa kumuzigo, niko imbaraga zo gukomera zizagabanuka.

Ubwoko bwibikoresho bizakorwa bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere ya tine ikwiye.Ibyuma biremereye hamwe nibihagarika bisaba ibice bibiri-hejuru-bitatu.Gusenya rusange-intego isaba ibice bitatu-hejuru-bine.Koza, imyanda ya komine nibikoresho byinshi bisaba tine zirenga-eshanu.Gutoranya neza bisaba hydraulic brace idahwitse aho kuba umurongo usanzwe ukomeye.

Shakisha inama kumwanya wa tine ukurikije ibikoresho ukoresha.Bonovo yatanze grapples kubwoko bwose bwibikoresho.Dufite ubushobozi bwo gukora tine yihariye ituma imyanda nini igwa mugihe tugumana ibikenewe.Umwanya wa tine urashobora kandi gushyirwaho kugirango ugumane byinshi bishoboka.

Hariho kandi isahani ya plaque na rubavu ibishushanyo birahari.Isahani y'ibisahani ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zangiza imyanda na verisiyo y'urubavu, ikunda kubona ibintu byometse mu rubavu.Isahani yisahani iguma isukuye kandi ikomeza gukora igihe kirekire.Nyamara, ubujyakuzimu bwimbavu kuri verisiyo yimbavu butanga imbaraga kubishishwa.Igishushanyo mbonera nacyo cyemerera kongera kugaragara no kwerekana ibikoresho.

Abashakanye Byihuse Guhitamo Ingaruka

Ibice bimwe byo gusenya birashobora gukorana cyangwa bidafite coupler yihuse.. .Birahenze cyane gusubiramo grapples kumunsi wanyuma.

Byihuta bifatanyirizwa hamwe ni ubwumvikane, Bashobora guhitamo 'gukora kabiri,' bigatuma bitoroha cyane kubakoresha.Imbaraga ziri hasi kubera pin centre nuburebure bwinyongera.Grapples itaziguye itanga uburyo bworoshye kandi bwiza bwo gushiraho.Nta gikorwa cya kabiri kandi imbaraga zo kumena imashini ziyongera kubera intera ya pin hagati.

Intego-yashushanyije guhuza-grapples irahari.“Kenco itanga grapple yashizwemo ikomeza geometrie imwe na verisiyo ya pin-on.Ibice bibiri byiyi grapple bihujwe binyuze mumapine abiri magufi, abikwa kumurongo utaziguye wimashini yimashini.Ibi biguha kuzunguruka neza utitanze kubikoresha.