Hariho ibintu byinshi bishobora gufasha abashinzwe gucukura ibicuruzwa kuzamura umusaruro mubikorwa byubwubatsi bwa buri munsi, ariko kimwe mubintu byingenzi mubisanzwe bigaruka muguhitamo indobo ikwiye.

Abashinzwe gucukura bamwe bashobora guhitamo gukoresha indobo zisanzwe kubisabwa byose.Nyamara, ubu buryo bushobora kugira ingaruka mbi kumusaruro wabakoresha.Kurugero, gukoresha indobo zisanzwe aho gukoresha indobo mu mwobo cyangwa gucukura byimbitse bishobora kuvamo gutakaza imikorere.

Mbere yo guhitamo indobo, uyikoresha agomba gusuzuma intego yindobo, ubwinshi bwibikoresho biremereye, imigereka irahari, hamwe na sisitemu yo guhuza byoroshye gusimbuza imigereka.Umukoresha agomba kandi kugenzura niba indobo yatoranijwe irenze ubushobozi bwimikorere ya mashini.

Impanuro No 1: Hitamo ubwoko bwindobo ukurikije imiterere yubutaka

Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwindobo kubasezeranye guhitamo: indobo iremereye nindobo iremereye.

Indobo ziremereye ni ubwoko bwindobo zikoreshwa cyane kubucukuzi kuko bukora mubihe bitandukanye byubutaka nkibumba, amabuye, umucanga, sili na shale.Barrale ikozwe mubikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge, bidashobora kwihanganira kwambara, ibyuma biramba kuruhande, imbaraga zidasanzwe no kurinda hamwe nudupapuro two kwambara.

Indobo iremereye irakwiriye cyane kubashinzwe gucukumbura bakora ibikoresho byo gucukura ibintu biremereye cyangwa biremereye cyane hamwe no gupakira amakamyo.Indobo ikozwe mubikoresho bidashobora kwangirika kugirango hongerwemo imbaraga n'imbaraga mugihe ucukura amabuye cyangwa ibinogo na kariyeri.Icyuma cyuruhande rwindobo, hepfo yikibabi, isahani yo kwambara kuruhande hamwe nigitambara cyo gusudira kigizwe nibikoresho birwanya kwambara.Mubyongeyeho, gukomera gussets bifasha kunaniza imashini ihuza indobo ihuza kugirango byorohereze igihe.

Ibindi bikoresho byihanganira kwambara bikozwe mu ndobo ziremereye zirimo impande zaciwe, amakariso yimbere imbere hamwe na bande yo kwambara.

Inama No 2: Hitamo uburyo bw'indobo kugirango uhuze ibyo ukeneye

Hariho ubwoko butatu bwindobo bukoreshwa nubucukuzi.Barimo gucukura imyobo, gucukura imyobo no kugoreka indobo.

Gucukura indobo birashobora gucukura byoroshye imyobo ifunganye, yimbitse mugihe ikomeza imbaraga zidasanzwe kandi itanga ibihe byihuta kubacukuzi.Indobo yubatswe mubikoresho bidashobora kwambara kugirango igabanye ibiro kandi itanga imbaraga zo hejuru zambara amasahani hamwe nimyenda yo hepfo kugirango yongere igihe kirekire.

Indobo yo gutobora isa nuburyo isa nindobo isanzwe, ariko iragutse kandi yimbitse muburyo bwo gukora neza mumucanga nibumba.Byongeye kandi, indobo ifite byinshi bihindura mugihe cyo gupakira ibikoresho, gutondekanya, gusubiza inyuma, gusiba imyobo kugirango utezimbere amazi, kandi ukorera ahahanamye.

Ibintu bisanzwe biranga indobo yo mu mwobo harimo guterura amaso yo guterura, gusudira ku mpande hamwe no gukata ibyuma bisubira inyuma kugirango akazi gakorwe neza akazi karangiye.

Kugabanuka kwinguni ni rusange kandi birahenze muguhuza ubutaka, gutondekanya no gukuraho ibyasabwe.Barrale irashobora kuzunguruka dogere 45 kuri centre mucyerekezo icyo aricyo cyose, kandi ifite ibikoresho bifasha kugenzura imiyoboro ya flux, umuvuduko uhengamye urashobora guhinduka.

Iyo ukoresheje indobo ihengamye, abashoramari barashobora gutondekanya byoroshye cyangwa kuringaniza agace bitabaye ngombwa ko bahindura kenshi aho bacukura, bityo bakongera imikorere.

Indobo ifite inguni ifite ibindi bintu byinshi birimo:

• Ibikoresho biremereye bifite imbaraga nimbaraga nyinshi
• Kurinda mugihe gisanzwe gitangwa no kurinda kumeneka no kurinda silinderi
• Ihuriro rusange rya hydraulic, byoroshye guhuza cyangwa gukuraho imiyoboro ya hydraulic

Inama No 3: Ongeramo ibikoresho kugirango uhindure indobo

Gucukumbura irashobora gukoresha ijisho riterura indobo kugirango izamure, itware kandi ishyire umuyoboro.Ibi birasanzwe mubashoramari bafite akamaro bakora kumushinga utose cyangwa wumye ushyira imiyoboro mumyobo ifunguye.Abakoresha bagomba kwifashisha igishushanyo mbonera cyumucukuzi kugirango basobanukirwe nubushobozi bwimashini kugirango ihuze ibikenewe byo guterura kuruhande no kuzamura uruhande.

Bamwe mu bakora inganda, nka Bonovo, batanga amashanyarazi yihuta akuraho ibikenerwa byinshi hamwe nimirimo y'amaboko kurubuga rwakazi.Ukurikije ubwoko nogukoresha bya moteri, moteri ihinduranya imbaraga irashobora kugana dogere 90 ibumoso cyangwa iburyo, kandi guhinduka bishobora kugera kuri dogere 180.

Ongeraho ubworoherane kumugereka birashobora gufasha abakoresha kubika umwanya wingenzi kuko badakeneye guhinduranya inshuro nyinshi mugihe bakora cyangwa bahagarika gusimbuza umugereka kugirango bakore imirimo runaka.Ibi nibyiza cyane mugihe ukora munsi cyangwa hafi yibintu, nkimiyoboro yo munsi.

Umugereka ni ingirakamaro cyane mubucukuzi rusange, ibikorwa byubutaka, gutondekanya no kurwanya isuri.

Urundi rufunguzo rwo kuzamura umusaruro wubucukuzi ni ishoramari muri sisitemu yo guhindura ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge, bikaba bitemewe ku mashini nyinshi.Gushora imari murwego rwohejuru rwoguhuza sisitemu, nkibintu byihuta, birashobora kwagura byinshi byimigereka no kunoza imikoreshereze.

Ukurikije imiterere yubutaka hamwe nubucucike bwibintu, rwiyemezamirimo wingirakamaro arashobora gukenera gushyiramo ibyobo byo gutobora ahantu hamwe, gutobora ahandi hantu, cyangwa kugoreka ingarigari ahakurikira.Coupler yihuse yorohereza kandi byihuse gusimbuza ingunguru nibindi bikoresho kurubuga rwakazi.

Niba abakoresha bashobora guhinduranya byihuse hagati yindobo kugirango bahuze neza ubugari bwa groove, nabo birashoboka cyane gukoresha indobo nini.

Isahani yo kwambara kuruhande no hepfo, kurinda kuruhande hamwe no gukata kuruhande nibindi bikoresho byindobo bifasha kugabanya kwambara no kurira, bigatuma imashini ikora igihe kirekire gishoboka kugirango irinde ishoramari.

Inama No 4: Kugenzura ibintu byambaye no gusimbuza ibice

Kubungabunga indobo ya excavator ningirakamaro nka gahunda isanzwe yo kubungabunga imashini ubwayo, idashobora kwirengagizwa.Birasabwa kugenzura amenyo yindobo, gukata impande hamwe nagatsinsino buri munsi kugirango ugaragare cyangwa wangiritse.Amenyo y'indobo agomba gusimburwa mbere yo kwambara, kugirango adashyira ahagaragara indobo.Wongeyeho, reba igifuniko cyo kwambara kugirango usimbuze nibiba ngombwa.

Hariho ibintu byinshi byasimburwa kwambara no kurira ku ndobo, ni ngombwa rero ko ibyo bintu bisimburwa kugirango ubuzima bwindobo bube igihe uwukora arangije ubugenzuzi busanzwe.Niba indobo yindobo yambarwa birenze gusanwa, nyiri ibikoresho agomba gusimbuza indobo.

Niba ukeneye kumenya byinshi kubyerekeye indobo ya excavator ifitanye isano, urashoboratwandikire, tuzazana igisubizo cyumwuga.